Eficiencia en la gestión de residuos sólidos urbanos en los municipios distritales de la macrorregión sur del Perú

Abstract

The central objective of this study is to analyze the level of efficiency in the management of urban solid waste in the district municipalities of the southern macroregion of Peru in the year 2022 and how it is affected by different variables and management strategies. For this, information from the National Registry of Municipalities (RENAMU) for the year 2022 prepared by the INEI was used. The hypothetical-deductive method was used with a quantitative approach through an envelopment analysis model that allowed estimating the level of efficiency of the 174 urban district municipalities. Subsequently, a Tobit model was estimated to find how the management instruments affect the level of efficiency of the municipalities. It is concluded that some districts operate with high efficiency in solid waste management, such as Machupicchu, Pichari, Juli, while others have room to use their resources efficiently, such as Potoni, Cabanillas and Quilcapuncu. Furthermore, it was found that municipalities with greater efficiency manage to collect a greater amount of solid waste per capita and a higher level of waste collection coverage with similar resources to those inefficient municipalities. On the other hand, the implementation of waste management plans, urban development plans and institutional strategies are positively and significantly related to the level of efficiency.