Abstract
We present a scheme for deterministic ion-photon qubit exchange, namely a SWAP gate, based on realistic cavity-QED systems with 171Yb+, 40Ca+ and 138Ba+ ions. The gate can also serve as a single-photon quantum memory, in which an outgoing photon heralds the successful arrival of the incoming photonic qubit. Although strong coupling, namely having the single-photon Rabi frequency be the fastest rate in the system, is often assumed essential, this gate (similarly to the Duan-Kimble C-phase gate) requires only Purcell enhancement, i.e. high single-atom cooperativity. Accordingly, it does not require small mode volume cavities, which are challenging to incorporate with ions due to the difficulty of trapping them close to dielectric surfaces. Instead, larger cavities, potentially more compatible with the trap apparatus, are sufficient, as long as their numerical aperture is high enough to maintain small mode area at the ion's position. We define the optimal parameters for the gate's operation and simulate the expected fidelities and efficiencies, demonstrating that efficient photon-ion qubit exchange, a valuable building block for scalable quantum computation, is practically attainable with current experimental capabilities.
Highlights
Efficient ion-photon qubit exchange is a vital building-block for the modular scaling-up of ion-based quantum information systems [1,2,3,4,5]
The implementation of the ion-photon SWAP gate under study in this paper relies on a scheme called single-photon Raman interaction (SPRINT) [33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40]
This paper demonstrated the feasibility of implementing an ion-photon qubit SWAP gate in realistic trapped ion systems, based on the deterministic single-photon Raman interaction
Summary
Efficient ion-photon qubit exchange is a vital building-block for the modular scaling-up of ion-based quantum information systems [1,2,3,4,5]. The two native atom-photon gates demonstrated to date, the controlled-phase gate (suggested by Duan and Kimble [31] and demonstrated experimentally in [32] and in following works) and SWAP gate (suggested in [33], theoretically studied in [34,35,36,37,38,39,40] and demonstrated in [41]) do not strictly require strong coupling Both gates do require high cooperativity C = g2/κγ 1, where κ is the cavity decay rate and γ the spontaneous emission rate of the. This cooperativity essentially corresponds to Purcell enhancement and is proportional to Q/V, with Q being the quality factor of the cavity [42] While this may suggest that small mode volume is required, note that both Q and V scale linearly with the cavity round-trip length. This led us to consider a fiber-based Fabry-Perot resonator as well in order to display the performances of the gate in that system
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