Abstract
We demonstrated ITO-free flexible inverted polymer solar cells based on multilayer transparent top electrodes with the structures of MoO3/Au/Ag/NPB (N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'diamine). An ultrathin Ag film was prepared in the MoO3/Au/Ag/NPB electrode with MoO3 as the wetting layer and Au as the seed layer. By regulating the thickness of NPB anti-reflection layers, the transmittance of the MAN structure could be improved in the wavelength range of 430–800 nm. Considering the thermal compatibility of flexible substrate, the thermal evaporation-based 2,2’,2”-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H- benzemidazole) (TPBi) layer was used to replace high temperature solution-processed metal oxides as the interlayer to modify the effective work function of the Ag cathode. The optimized flexible inverted polymer solar cell with a MoO3/Au/Ag/NPB top electrode showed high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.02%, which was comparable with the ITO-based plate equivalent. Moreover, the inverted flexible polymer solar cells exhibited good flexibility and mechanical stability.
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