Abstract
Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers in nanodiamond (ND) are fabricated through three steps, high-energy ion irradiation on ND, high-temperature (800 ℃) annealing in vacuum and lowtemperature (500 ℃) annealing in air. Raman measurements show that a surface-graphite layer is formed after annealing at 800 ℃ in vacuum while the graphite formed during ion irradiation is below the detection limit. Annealing at 500 ℃ in air is a crucial step in removing the graphite layer from ND that is ion-irradiated and 800 ℃-annealed. A strong luminescence from NV color center is observed only after annealing at 500 ℃ in air.
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