Abstract
Quantum communication complexity explores the minimum amount of communication required to achieve certain tasks using quantum states. One representative example is quantum fingerprinting, in which the minimum amount of communication could be exponentially smaller than the classical fingerprinting. Here, we propose a quantum fingerprinting protocol where coherent states and channel multiplexing are used, with simultaneous detection of signals carried by multiple channels. Compared with an existing coherent quantum fingerprinting protocol, our protocol could consistently reduce communication time and the amount of communication by orders of magnitude by increasing the number of channels. Our proposed protocol can even beat the classical limit without using superconducting-nanowire single photon detectors. We also report a proof-of-concept experimental demonstration with six wavelength channels to validate the advantage of our protocol in the amount of communication. The experimental results clearly prove that our protocol not only surpasses the best-known classical protocol, but also remarkably outperforms the existing coherent quantum fingerprinting protocol.
Highlights
Quantum communication complexity explores the minimum amount of communication required to achieve certain tasks using quantum states
In the quantum version of communication complexity, the involved participants are allowed to communicate with quantum states instead of classical bits and quantum communication complexity (QCC) is defined as the minimum number of qubits of communication exchanged between Alice and Bob[10]
As indicated in ref. 31 where superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPD) with very low dark count rates (
Summary
: total counts recorded ratio of the amount of by detector D1 when Alice and Bob communication in the best-known have different inputs, C1,th : threshold classical fingerprinting protocol[25] to value ofpffitffihe total counts Q (32 n=Q); γQ : ratio at of detector D1, the amount. 30 is much higher than our experimental results This comparison further validates the fact that by applying WDM and using simultaneous detection, one can remarkably improve the performance of the original CQF protocol and make the system more robust to experimental imperfections (such as dark counts and channel losses)
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