Abstract
Lead bromide perovskite with high bandgap and good stability has aroused broad interest for utilization in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high photovoltage, especially as a candidate for the front cell of tandem solar cells. However, the efficiency of lead bromide PSCs is still much lower than the standard lead iodide PSCs, and the defects in the perovskite are one of the main limiting factors hindering device performance. The construction of a 2D/3D perovskite interface is an effective way to passivate the interfacial defects and achieve efficient and stable PSCs. Herein, a facile and effective phenethylammonium bromide (PEABr) treatment method was applied to build a 2D/3D perovskite interface in FAPbBr3 solar cells. An ultrathin layer of 2D PEA2PbBr4 perovskite was successfully fabricated on the surface of 3D FAPbBr3 perovskite by depositing the PEABr solution on the 3D perovskite films. The 2D perovskite layer significantly passivated the interfacial defects, leading to enhancement of power conversion efficiency from 7.7% to 9.4% and fill factor from 67.6% to 77.6%. Moreover, the hydrophobic alkyl chain in the PEA cation improved the moisture tolerance of the perovskite and significantly increases the solar cell stability. Additionally, the PEABr treatment strategy was successfully utilized for preparing semitransparent 2D/3D FAPbBr3 perovskite solar cells.
Highlights
Significant progress has been achieved for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 25%.1−4 Among the various of perovskite materials, lead bromide perovskite[5−7] has recently attracted great attention as an interesting candidate for the top cell of tandem devices, benefiting from its high bandgap, high Voc, and good chemical stability in ambient air.[8−10] Hanusch et al first reported FAPbBr3 solar cells with a PCE of 6.5%
The PSC devices treated with phenethylammonium bromide (PEABr) concentrations from 0 mg mL−1 to 1.5 mg mL−1 were fabricated to optimize the concentration of PEABr solution for the 2D
The structure of the PSC was confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), as shown in Figure 1b, the thickness of the
Summary
Significant progress has been achieved for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 25%.1−4 Among the various of perovskite materials, lead bromide perovskite[5−7] has recently attracted great attention as an interesting candidate for the top cell of tandem devices, benefiting from its high bandgap (around 2.3 eV), high Voc, and good chemical stability in ambient air.[8−10] Hanusch et al first reported FAPbBr3 solar cells with a PCE of 6.5%.11 Arora et al and Chen et al improved the quality of perovskite films via two-step[12] and one-step[13] solvent engineering, respectively. In addition to the outstanding PV performance, the 2D perovskite formed at the surface and grain boundaries of FAPbBr3 protects the FAPbBr3 from moisture and ion migration by passivating the interface defects, leading to the improvement of the device stability. To demonstrate the potentials of PEABr treated FAPbBr3 in semitransparent devices with PCE of 8.7% were successfully fabricated by reducing the thickness of gold from 80 to 15 nm. This may be interesting for use in applications with semitransparent solar cells with high photovoltage, or as a front cell in a tandem solar cell
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