EFFICIENCY OF UTILIZATION OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES PRODUCED FROM ORGANIC WASTE ON ORDINARY CHERNOZEM

Abstract

The authors presented in the article the results of studying the effect of solid and liquid organic fertilisers obtained at their installation and when composting from agricultural waste on spring wheat yield and quality in a laboratory experiment on ordinary chernozems of the Orenburg region. The effectiveness of using the obtained substances as liquid and solid organic fertilisers was assessed. The authors substantiated that according to all options for studying the norms and types of organic fertilisers in the soil, the content of organic matter, ammonium nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and potassium increased. The data on the green mass of spring wheat for all research options in the laboratory experiment are given. It has been established that when liquid organic fertilisers are applied to the soil, ammonium nitrogen is highly mobile and available to plants, so plants become taller at the initial vegetation stage. The authors determined the lower efficiency of applying solid organic fertilisers in short-term laboratory studies. As a result, it has been established that 4 t/ ha for solid organic fertilisers and 8 t/ha for liquid organic fertilisers is the most effective. With such a rate of application of liquid organic fertilisers, the germination of spring wheat reaches 98.7%, and the yield of green mass of plants increases by three times compared to the control. In addition, the trend of the highest efficiency of applying liquid organic fertilisers compared to solid ones was noted.