Efficiency of using mineral fertilizers and herbicides on winter wheat crops

Abstract

Relevance. On winter wheat crops, the use of mineral fertilizers and herbicides is an urgent task of agricultural production. In 2019–2021, experiments were laid in the rain–fed conditions of the steppe zone of the Mozdoksky district of the Republic of North Ossetia — Alania. The purpose of the research is to study the effectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers and herbicides on winter wheat crops.Methods. Field experiments were laid in the steppe zone in the NGO «Oktyabrsky», in the fields of the SCNIIGPSH VNC RAS. In 2019–2021, where the climate is continental, summers are hot, dry, and winters are snowless, with frequent thaws. There is 455 mm of precipitation per year. Chestnut-carbonate soils predominate in the steppe zone of Mozdoksky district. The humus content is 2–4%. The object of research is high–yielding varieties of winter wheat Alekseich, Yumpa.Results. The use of the herbicide Gran Star (25 g/ha) ensured the death of weeds by 72.5–82.7%, when applying the herbicide Dialen Super (0.7 l/ha), the death of weeds was 60%, when applying mineral fertilizers N90P90K90 — 62.7%. The studied herbicides contributed to a decrease in the dry mass of weed vegetation (by 55.5–86.6%), an increase in the yield of the winter wheat variety Alekseich (by 4.4 t/ha), an increase of 2.4 t/ha when applying the herbicide Gran Star (25 g/ha) against the background with the introduction of mineral N60P60K60, with an increase of N90P90K90, the increase was 2.9 t/ha with a yield of 4.8 t/ha.