EFFICIENCY OF THE LOGISTICS CHAIN AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES

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Abstract. The basis of economic and financial security of the enterprise is effective financial and economic activity, stable financial condition, rational use of financial resources, the ability to counter threats to the internal and external environment. One of the factors of effective financial and economic activity and economic security of enterprises is the formation of effective logistics chains that provide its participants with opportunities to counter threats to the internal and external environment. Formation of effective logistics chains on the basis of taking into account the economic interests of its participants causes changes in the results of their financial and economic activities and creates the basis for their financial independence, socio-economic efficiency and stability. The purpose of the article is to form approaches to assessing the efficiency of the logistics chain on the basis of economic and financial security of enterprises. The article investigates scientific approaches to evaluating the efficiency of the logistics chain of enterprises, identifies their strengths and weaknesses, analyzes their methodology. An approach to evaluating the efficiency of the logistics chain of industrial enterprises, the use of which will reconcile the economic interests of the participants in the logistics chain, reduce their financial costs, ensure effective economic activity, form the basis for their financial and economic security. The scientific novelty of the article is the formation of a modern approach to evaluating the efficiency of the logistics chain, which, in contrast to existing ones, involves the use of an indicator of the efficiency of logistics activities of enterprises, the proposed indicator is the stationarity of ratio of operating results to logistics costs relative to the mean or deterministic trend over time, and identification of potential models of logistics efficiency of enterprises, which would ensure economic and financial security of enterprises. It is proved that efficiency of the logistics chain is achieved under the condition that the financial result from the operating activities of the enterprises united by the logistics chain in relation to their costs for logistics activities will not change for a long time or will naturally change with a reliable forecast and possibility economic forecasting of further cooperation. The expediency of using this approach was confirmed on the basis of the analysis of the efficiency of logistics chains of selected enterprises. The initial data for the construction of this model were the logistics costs as a component of the company’s operating expenses and the financial result from operating activities. The deficiencies in the use of existing accounting standards and regulations that govern the integrated assessment of the enterprise’s logistics costs have been established. It is proposed to use the Davis databases, which are formed on the basis of a web-survey of enterprises regarding the value of their logistic costs. It is noted that the actual stability of the logistics chains for each enterprise and the optimal ratio of their results to costs are determined by the current market conditions. An idea of the efficiency of connections in the logistics chain is formulated. It was concluded that the existence of a long-term stable equilibrium in the form of vector co-integration for all subjects of the logistics chain can be considered optimal. Prospects for further research are the development of a scientific approach to the formation of a logistics cluster as a basis for financial and economic security of enterprises. Keywords: economic security, financial security, financial costs, financial results, efficiency, the logistics chain, logistics activities. JEL Classіfіcatіon С22, D22, D61, O30 Formulas: 5; fig.: 2; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 15.