Efficiency of the elements of the technology of growing barley ardent fallow under weather conditions

Abstract

Aim. To evaluate the nature of changes in weather conditions during the years of research and to reveal the level of dependence of the effectiveness of precursors, doses of mineral fertilizers, foliar fertilization in the main phases of plant growth and development, and growth stimulator against the background of integrated protection on the yield of spring barley of the Viraj variety. Methods. Field – a long-term experiment on the study of bio­tic and abiotic factors, measurement-weighing – for recording the crop yield, comparative – for calculating the dependence of the crop yield on the action of the studied factors, weighting – for recording the indicators of the elements of the crop structure and determining the yield of the crop, statistical. Results. The assessment of changes in weather conditions for 2016–2020 was carried out and the regularities of the dependence of the effectiveness of precursors, mineral fertilizers, foliar fertilization and growth stimulator on the yield of Viraj spring barley were established.It was found that in the conditions of climate change, the best conditions for optimizing the processes of growth and development of spring barley plants, which contribute to the maximum realization of the productivity potential of the variety, are observed when it is placed in the crop rotation after corn for grain, which ensured a higher efficiency of the aftereffect of mineral fertilizers, with the main application directly under the studied culture N45P90K90 and N45 at the IV stage of organogenesis. Conclusions. In the northern part of the right-bank forest-steppe, there is a significant fluctuation of weather conditions, which is characterized by an increase in the temperature regime and a decrease in the amount of precipitation. The advantages of corn for grain over soybeans, as a precursor of spring barley on fertilized backgrounds and soybeans on unfertilized ones, have been revealed. Among the doses of mineral fertilizers that were studied, the maximum level of grain yield (5.06 t/ha and 4.71 t/ha according to predecessors) on average for 2016–2020 was provided by the introduction of P90K90N(45+45) under the studied culture.