EFFICIENCY OF GROWING OF TABLE BEET ROOTS USINGDIFFERENT METHODS OF MULCHING IN THE CONDITIONS OF THERIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE

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The article presents the research results on the impact of different methods of mulching the soil on the growth, development of table beet plants, root yields and their quality indicators in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Phenological observations, biometric and physiological-biochemical studies were performed according to the methods of G.L. Bondarenko, K.I. Yakovenko. The research material was the soil of the experimental field - typical leached black soil, low humus, medium loamy on forest-like loams. Bettolo F1 table beet hybrid was used as research objects, as well as various variants of mulch: black and transparent polyethylene film, agrofiber, sawdust and humus. The research was conducted in the research field of the Training and Production Center "Podillia" of State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilia during 2016-2018. The results of research show that the use of different methods of mulching seedlings with polyethylene film, agrofiber and local organic materials, contributes to the intensification of physiological and biochemical processes occurring in the plant of table beet. Mulching improves the agrophysical properties and nutrient regime of the soil, protects it from leaching and unproductive evaporation, promotes better aeration and permeability. The use of different methods of mulching crops contributes to the growth of the leaf surface of table beets by 4.3-5.8thousand m2 / ha, or 15.5-20.9%, respectively. The most favorable conditions for the formation of the maximum indicator of net productivity of photosynthesis have developed in the case of arablematerials use (sawdust, humus). It should be noted that under the influence of mulching the yield of table beet roots112 increases by 4.7 t / ha, or 14.9%. The use of local organic materials (sawdust, humus) for mulching provided an increase in yield by 11.0-11.1 t / ha or 34.9-35.2% compared to the control. In addition, under the influence of crop mulching there is an increase in the share of marketableproducts, as well as improvement of biochemical and sanitary indicators of root crop quality, which is manifested in an increase in dry matter, sugars, vitamins and nitrates. Further study and improvement should focus on in-depth study of innovative mulching methods using modern high-yielding varieties and hybrids of table beets.