EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON LONG YEARS HERBAGES

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study of the long-term herbage of the 71st year of using the
 herbage in the Central Region of the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia, which over the past 25, against an
 unfertilized background and with an unbalanced fertilization with fertilizers, was transformed into a
 pasture type with a content of grassland grains up to 50%. Against the background of the influence of
 mineral fertilizers (NPK), the grass stand of the hay type remains, in which the content of foxtail reaches
 74%, and with a higher dose of nitrogen fertilizers (N 180) of awnless rump up to 70%.
 The productivity of pasture-type herbage was 55.9 gJ / ha MA, or about 4.5 thousand fodder.
 units from 1 ha 200 - 850 kg / ha of crude protein (CP). The productivity of the hay type increased to 80.4
 GJ / ha MA, or about 6.5 thousand fodder. units from 1 ha, 756 - 1206 kg / ha JV on average for 1993-
 2017 The collection of essential nutrients is in direct proportion to the productivity and quality of the feed
 with different fertilization systems.
 The consumption of nutrients by unfertilized grass stands is provided due to the natural fertility of
 sod-podzolic medium loamy soils on pasture grass stands fertilized with nitrogen fertilizers, nitrogen
 collection increased up to 1.8 times. On grass stands of hay type - 2.6-4.3 times compared to unfertilized
 grass stand. The utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizers on pasture-type herbage was 37 - 65%, phosphorus
 fertilizers - 22-24%, potash fertilizers - 51-100%, on hay-type grass stands, respectively, 48-84, 24-53 and
 106-120%.