Abstract
ZnO is a promising candidate as a low-cost porous semiconductor material for photoelectrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). However, ZnO-based DSSCs tend to exhibit lower energy conversion efficiencies than do those based on TiO2. In this study, the performance of ZnO porous electrodes was enhanced using a surface treatment carried out by immersion in cold aqueous TiCl4 solution that resulted in TiO2-coated ZnO (Z/T) electrodes. The Z/T electrodes were sensitized with either the Ru complex dye N719 or the organic indoline dye D149. For each dye, the DSSCs with the Z/T photoelectrodes showed the highest open-circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Jsc), and power conversion efficiency compared to those with ZnO, TiO2, or TiO2-coated TiO2 (T/T) electrodes. To study the effects of the TiCl4 treatment, the relationships between the electron lifetime (τ), cell voltage, and electron density (n) of the cells prepared with each electrode, with each of the two dyes, or without either dye were assesse...
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