Efficacy of plant extracts of two species of Chenopodiaceae on the germination and seedling growth of Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris).

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts (A.E.) of two wild plants Bassia muricata(B. muricata) and Chenopodium mural (Ch. Mural) at Different concentration (1, 5, 10, 15,20, 25% w/v) in addition to 0% (tap water) as control ,on seed germination, seedling growth and chlorophyll ,protein and sugar content of Phaseolus vulgaris .L. (Kidney bean). Gas chromatography mass spectrum (GC.MS) analysis revealed the presence of 33 bioactive compounds for Ch. mural extracts and 31 compounds for B. muricate and this analysis showed the presence of many compounds as fatty acid, aliphatic hydrocarbon, polyphenol and sterols. The obtained results indicated that shoot aqueous extract (S.A.E) of B. muricata and Ch. mural at (1% to 15%); (1% and 5% ) respectively as seed soaking for 24 hours stimulated germination percentage and support all tested morphological and physiological parameter of the Phaseolus vulgaris plants, while the reduction was observed at (20 and 25% w/v) in B. muricata and the completely inhibition of Ch. Mural extract was started from 10% as compared with the untreated control plant. The stimulating effect for both wild plants may be related to the presence of the polyphenolic compounds and steroidal hormones according to the concentration. The phytotoxic activity (completely inhibition) of Ch. mural could be related to the presence of coumarin and its derivatives (3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-phenylcoumarin).