Abstract
We comparatively evaluate two distinct formulations containing 5% of Jucá (Libidibia ferrea) for wound healing in dogs. An excision model study was performed in 11 dogs with three dermal wounds in each animal, which were treated with: (1) topical phytopharmaceutical based on Carbopol (PyC) containing 5% Jucá ethanolic extract; (2) topical phytopharmaceutical based on Astrocaryum murumuru butter (PyM) containing 5% Jucá ethanolic extract; and (3) commercial ointment (control). Wound treatment was carried out on alternated days starting at day (D) one until D21. Macroscopic (all time-points) and histological (D0 and D21) analyses were performed. The antimicrobial activity of Jucá was evaluated through Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Phytochemical analysis of Jucá revealed 3.1% phenolic compound content expressed in rutin and the presence of hydrolyzable tannins and flavonoids. The mean wound retraction was 33.7 ± 5.5, 34.0 ± 4.7, and 28.4 ± 4.9 % for PyC, PyM, and control groups, respectively, with higher wound retraction for both herbal-treated groups compared to the control (P < 0.05). Alcoholic extract of Jucá had antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida krusei at different degrees, with MIC ranging from 250 to 16.625 μg/ml. Microscopic evaluation showed that the phytotherapic formulations contributed to better dermal wound healing through wound fibroplasia. The alcoholic extract of Jucá pods has great potential for wound healing in dogs and can be used in the development of commercially viable phytotherapic formulations.
Highlights
The use of plant products for wound healing has been extensively studied [1, 2] including in veterinary medicine [3, 4] but there are limited reports dealing with native plants from the Amazon
Ointments and Animal Groups In the experimental design, two semisolid topical formulations containing Jucá ethanolic extract were selected: topical phytopharmaceutical based on Carbopol R (PyC) and topical phytopharmaceutical based on Astrocaryum murumuru butter (PyM)
The preliminary chemical characterization of the phenolic compounds identified in the ethanolic extract of Jucá by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) showed a significant amount of hydrolysable tannins and flavonoids
Summary
The use of plant products for wound healing has been extensively studied [1, 2] including in veterinary medicine [3, 4] but there are limited reports dealing with native plants from the Amazon. Ferrea, is a Brazilian tree found mainly in the north and northeast regions, and is commonly known as Jucá or pau-ferro [5, 6]. Jucá is extensively used in popular medicine to treat various health conditions, including bronchopulmonary diseases, diabetes, rheumatism, cancer, gastrointestinal disorders, and diarrhea, in the form of tea and infusions. In folk medicine of the Lower Amazon, whole pods of the Jucá are immersed with alcohol and used for healing a variety of dermal wounds. There are studies on the phytochemical composition of Jucá showing the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins [5, 13]
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