Abstract
The phytopathogenic fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis is a causal agent of tan spot. Antagonistic microorganisms can be used as a non-chemical alternative treatment against the tan spot of wheat. Bacillus velezensis BZR 336 g and BZR 517 stains were selected as the most active microorganisms and potential biocontrol agents. We found that B. velezensis strains BZR 336 g and BZR 517 exhibited antagonistic activity against P. tritici-repentis Kr-15/2016 in vitro: they inhibited mycelium growth by 72.4–94.3% and caused its degenerative changes. Treatment of seeds and plants with strains BZR 336 g and BZR 517 provided a biological efficiency of 31.2–38.4% against tan spot, while artificial inoculation of plants provided only 28.4–43.8% biological efficiency. Treatment of seeds and plants with BZR 336 g and BZR 517 in a three-year field trial demonstrated 24.6–50% biological efficiency. BZR 336 g and BZR 517 provided 5.0–7.6% additional yield. We conclude that BZR 336 g and BZR 517 are promising options for novel bioproducts that can control P. tritici-repentis tan spot.
Highlights
Tan spot, known as yellow leaf spot, is one of the major diseases of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and is caused by the fungal pathogen Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs (anamorph of Drechslera tritici-repentis (Died.)
We aim to study the interaction mechanism of Bacillus biocontrol strains with a tan spot pathogen (P. tritici-repentis), as well as to study the biological effectiveness of environmentally friendly microbiological agents under conditions of natural infection
The outcome indicates that B. velezensis strains are effective bioagents against P. tritici-repentis
Summary
Known as yellow leaf spot, is one of the major diseases of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and is caused by the fungal pathogen Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs (anamorph of Drechslera tritici-repentis (Died.). This pythopathogen attacks wheat leaves causing necrotic lesions and chlorotic spots. The plant photosynthetic area decreases, resulting in leaf death and, in reduced leaf quality [1,2]. Yield losses can reach up to 50% [3]. Tan spot occurs worldwide in all major wheat growing regions [4]. The disease has been documented in Syria, Argentina, Brazil, Algeria, the USA, Canada, Russia and some other countries [2,5,6,7,8]
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