Efficacy of Home Versus Centre-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation in Improving Functional Capacity and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Patients

Abstract

Background: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery is the most commonly performed surgery for the coronary artery disease patients. Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) is an essential, useful and safe part of the care for patients with coronary artery disease and who underwent CABG surgery. Regular physical activity can improve functional capacity in patients after CABG. Objectives: To determine the efficacy of home and centre-based cardiac rehabilitation in improving functional capacity and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients underwent CABG surgery. Materials and Method: Total twenty four (n=24) CABG surgery participants were selected. They were divided into 2 groups by utilizing convenient (purposive) sampling method. Group ‘A’ i.e. centre- based (n=12, mean age: 53.83±7.61) and Group ‘B’ i.e. home- based (n=12, mean age: 55.91±5.79). Both the groups received an eight (8) weeks of CR program. Group-A participants attended a supervised structured exercise training program for 3 days per week in hospital set-up. Group-B participants were given an individualized tailored program of aerobic exercises to do at home. All the participants were screened and evaluated for baseline measurements and all the values were recorded at the day of discharge from hospital. After 8 weeks of CR program participants were re-assessed for LVEF and functional capacity. Results: Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 22.0. After an eight week of CR program, significant improvements were observed in 6-MW distance, LVEF and Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) (p=0.0001). Conclusion: The home-based and centre-based cardiac rehabilitation programs were equally effective in improving functional capacity and left ventricular ejection fraction in CABG patients.