Efficacy of Activated Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma in The Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: An Evidence-Based Brief Literature Review

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) present as a debilitating complication of diabetes which approximately affects 6.3% of the global population with significant mortality and morbidity consequences. While one-third of the total cost of diabetic care goes to DFU treatment, 20% patients have unresolved ulcers, while 40% experience recurrency within one year. To improve outcomes in DFU care, activated autologous platelet-rich plasma (aaPRP) is one of the adjuvant therapies proposed. Containing various bioactive proteins such as growth factors and cytokines, it possesses regenerative, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial qualities. Furthermore, its autologous nature, which also makes it a highly safe treatment modality, is also promising. In this review, we shortly discuss the pathogenesis of DFUs and how aaPRP may tackle the key players in DFU pathogenesis to improve wound healing outcomes. We also briefly describe its method of isolation and the current views on aaPRP from an authoritative source. Lastly, we summarize the existing evidence for the utilization of aaPRP in the treatment of DFUs.