Abstract
Intra-oral halitosis is defined as an unpleasant odor that comes out of the mouth. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc lactate mouthwash and tongue scraping on intra-oral halitosis. The study was conducted on 60 volunteers that were divided into two groups and fol-lowed two types of 14-day oral hygiene protocols on a cross-over basis after a 7-day wash-out period. One protocol was based on tooth brushing only, while the other was based on additional mouth rinsing with a zinc lactate product and tongue scraping. Morning mouth breath was as-sessed organoleptic and by volatile sulfur compound concentrations. The highest mean organo-leptic and volatile sulfur compound measurement values were found in the tooth brushing without mouth washing and tongue scraping oral hygiene protocol (p < 0.05). The zinc lactate mouthwash combined with tongue scraping appears to be an important hygienic procedure to reduce breath odor.
Highlights
IntroductionIntra-oral halitosis is defined as an unpleasant odor that comes out of the mouth
A total of 98 subjects who complained of intra-oral halitosis were initially screened, which resulted in the inwho complained of oral halitosis were initially screened, which resulted in the inclusion clusion of 60 participants (30 women, 30 men) aged 25–65, who met the inclusion criteria
The origin of halitosis is mainly associated with intra-oral factors due to humidity and higher temperature in the oral cavity, which creates a nature for the development of the disease [14,15,16]
Summary
Intra-oral halitosis is defined as an unpleasant odor that comes out of the mouth. Several synonyms of intra-oral halitosis are described in the literature: bad breath, fetor ex ore, fetor oris and oral malodor [1]. It is estimated that this condition affects 25%. To 50% of people worldwide [2]. Many different factors can cause intra-oral halitosis. Ninety percent originates from the head (mouth, sinuses, tonsils), and about 10% of the causes are systemic. Unpleasant odors are represented by fragrant volatile compounds present in the exhaled air, and among them, the most frequently mentioned are Volatile
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