Abstract
High-quality and aesthetic wound healing, as well as effective medical support of this process, continue to be relevant. This study aims to evaluate the medical efficacy of a novel smart polymeric nanodrug (SPN) on the rate and mechanism of wound healing in experimental animals. The study was carried out in male Wistar rats (aged 8–9 months). In these animals, identical square wounds down to the fascia were made in non-sterile conditions on the back on both sides of the vertebra. SPN was used for the treatment of one wound, and the other wound was left without treatment (control group). Biocompatible citrate-stabilized cerium oxide nanoparticles integrated into a polysaccharide hydrogel matrix containing natural and synthetic polysaccharide polymers (pectin, alginate, chitosan, agar-agar, water-soluble cellulose derivatives) were used as the therapeutic agent. Changes in the wound sizes (area, volume) over time and wound temperature were assessed on Days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14. Histological examination of the wounds was performed on Days 3, 7, and 14. The study showed that the use of SPN accelerated wound healing in comparison with control wounds by inhibiting the inflammatory response, which was measured by a decreased number of white blood cells in SPN-treated wounds. It also accelerated the development of fibroblasts, with an early onset of new collagen synthesis, which eventually led to the formation of more tender postoperative scars. Thus, the study demonstrated that the use of SPN for the treatment of wounds was effective and promising.
Highlights
Cerium oxide (CeO2 ) nanoparticles have been known for a long time and are widely used in technical solutions for the fuel, semiconductor, and chemical industries [1]
The study showed that the use of smart polymeric nanodrug (SPN) accelerated wound healing in comparison with control wounds by inhibiting the inflammatory response, which was measured by a decreased number of white blood cells in SPN-treated wounds
It accelerated the development of fibroblasts, with an early onset of new collagen synthesis, which eventually led to the formation of more tender postoperative scars
Summary
Cerium oxide (CeO2 ) nanoparticles have been known for a long time and are widely used in technical solutions for the fuel, semiconductor, and chemical industries [1]. Polymers 2020, 12, 1126 over the past 10 years, the number of works devoted to cerium dioxide has increased 3.4 times from 46 publications in 2009 to 156 publications in 2019. This is explained by the fact that oxidative stress plays a leading role in the development and progression of many diseases and pathological conditions, including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic wounds [2,3,4,5,6]. This is due to the increasing number of surgeries in the world, as well as domestic and workplace injuries and combat wounds [10,11,12,13,14]
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