Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common disease in elderly dogs. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a dietary supplement containing calcium carbonate, calcium-lactate gluconate, chitosan and sodium bicarbonate in dogs with IRIS stage 3 of CKD. Twenty dogs were enrolled in the study, ten were administered the new dietary supplementation for 180 days (T group) while the others were used as control group (C group). Haematologic, biochemical and urinalysis were performed every 30 days. A significant reduction in the T group compared to the C group in serum phosphorus level and increase in serum bicarbonate and ionized calcium values were recorded. The urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC) was significantly lower in the T group at the end of the study compared to the C group. The tested supplement could be considered as a supportive treatment for dogs with advanced CKD.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is generally defined as any structural and/or functional abnormality, which can affect one or both kidneys and has been present in patients for at least three months
The dogs treated with dietary supplementation showed a significant reduction in serum phosphorus level and an increase in HCO3 compared to the control group (Fig. 1)
Mean serum phosphorus levels started to show a significant reduction by day 30 since the administration of the tested supplementation in T group: these dogs showed a progressive reduction of serum phosphorus at different time intervals (p < 0.01) within the group and compared to the control group (C group)
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is generally defined as any structural and/or functional abnormality, which can affect one or both kidneys and has been present in patients for at least three months. Chronic kidney disease is a very common disease in canine population, with a high prevalence especially in older patients. The progression of the disease is slow, with a survival time from months to a year or two (Bartges, 2012; Davies, 2016; Polzin, 2011; Smets et al, 2010). The management of CKD is focused on slowing down the progression of the disease by controlling the major risk factors and clinical signs. In veterinary medicine there are several parameters to be monitored overtime in patients with CKD in order to modify the therapy when needed. The major factors to monitor are: proteinuria, hypertension and hyperphosphatemia
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