Abstract
Background: Decreased estrogen levels after menopause result in vaginal atrophy, leading to elevated pH, lower levels of Lactobacilli and dysbiosis, increasing the frequency of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs). Topical estrogens restore the atrophic vagina stimulating the proliferation of a balanced flora and preventing urinary symptoms. This preventive approach can be considered an alternative to the use of long-term antibiotics.
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