Abstract
Trogoderma granarium Everts, the khapra beetle, is a serious stored product pest known to feed on >100 different products worldwide and is a major threat to global food security. Deltamethrin-treated storage bags are a resource that could be used to limit infestations during storage of grain in bags. We investigated the efficacy of deltamethrin-treated bags against T. granarium adults and larvae. Deltamethrin-treated and untreated packaging materials were affixed into the bottom of plastic Petri dishes (62 or 137 cm2) to create a bioassay arena. Adult T. granarium were exposed and observed to determine the time to knockdown and the subsequent mortality rate within 24 h. Adult T. granarium were knocked down in <60 min, and 100% of adults were knocked down or dead after 24 h. Trogoderma granarium larvae were exposed for 0.33, 1, 2, 3, or 4 d or continually exposed and monitored for larval death and adult emergence. Larvae exposed for 4 d had 50% mortality versus 97% if continually exposed. Utilizing this deltamethrin-treated packaging could cause disruptions in natural populations of T. granarium found in storage facilities, and the treated packaging is an effective tool that could be implemented into an integrated pest management program for bagged grain.
Highlights
Trogoderma granarium Everts, the khapra beetle, is a cosmopolitan stored product insect that has been classified as one of the top 100 worst invasive species in the world [1]
Utilizing this deltamethrin-treated packaging could cause disruptions in natural populations of T. granarium found in storage facilities, and the treated packaging is an effective tool that could be implemented into an integrated pest management program for bagged grain
Granarium were affected compared to of exposure on the treated packaging, 100% of adult T. granarium were affected compared to 10% of adults on the untreated
Summary
Trogoderma granarium Everts, the khapra beetle, is a cosmopolitan stored product insect that has been classified as one of the top 100 worst invasive species in the world [1]. Trogoderma granarium can feed on >100 different food products found throughout the entire supply chain from raw grains to processed food products [2,3]. This species presents a major threat to global food security because of the number of products the species can feed on and the ability to survive for extended periods of time (months to years) under extreme conditions, such as extreme high and low temperatures, low relative humidity (r.h.) levels, lack of food resources, and low moisture content (m.c.) products [3,4].
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