Effects of Xiangdan Injection on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in rats in vivo

Abstract

This study is to explore the effect of Xiangdan Injection on anticoagulation of warfarin in rats. Rats were randomly divided into different groups and then administered, subsequently the blood samples were collected at a set series of time points to measure PT(prothrombin time) and APTT(activated partial thromboplastin time) values, and INR(international normalized ratio) value was calculated. The plasma concentrations of warfarin enantiomers were determined by UPLC-MS/MS technology, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 2.0 software. Statistical analysis was performed to compare differences between the groups. Single-dose study of warfarin showed that Xiangdan Injection alone had no effects on PT, APTT and INR, but when co-administrated with warfarin, PT and INR values were increased(P<0.01), while APTT was unaffected; after co-administration of the two drugs, C_(max), AUC_(0-t), and AUC_(0-∞) of S-warfarin increased(P<0.01), and t_(1/2) prolonged(P<0.01), while the pharmacokinetic parameters of R-warfarin were not changed significantly. Steady-state study of warfarin showed that after co-administration of the two drugs, the PT and INR values increased(P<0.05), and the plasma concentration of S-warfarin increased(P<0.01), while the plasma concentration of R-warfarin was not changed significantly. The results suggest that Xiangdan Injection itself has no effect on coagulation index, but can enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by slowing metabolism of S-warfarin.