Effects of Wine by-Products on Growth Performance, Complete Blood Count and Total Antioxidant Status in Broilers

Sm Pascariu,Im Pop,D Simeanu,C Solcan,G Pavel

doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0305

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of whole grape pomace (GP), grape seed (GS) and grape pomace polyphenolic extract (GPEP) on growth performance, total antioxidant status (TAS) and complete blood count (CBC) of 40-day-old chicks (hybrid Cobb 500). A total of 432 unsexed one-day-old chicks were divided into six groups: control (CON) and five experimental groups, 10 g/kg GP, 20 g/kg GP, 5 g/kg GS, 10 g/kg GS and 15 mL/L GPEP. The results showed a higher increase in growing rate in 5 g/kg GS group, from the first week of the chicks’ life throughout their growth, the average body weight of the chicks being significantly higher (p<0.01) than CON. The broilers that received 5 g/kg seeds in the diet, 10 g/kg and 20 g/kg GP respectively, have achieved a better feed conversion ratio (FCR) than CON. The introduction of GPEP in drinking water has significantly affected (p<0.05) the growth performance in the fourth week of the experiment, lower weight gains could be due to high levels of polyphenols in grape pomace extract that may have a delayed effect on the growth of chickens. The CBC and TAS were not affected by dietary treatments (p>0.05) at 40 days of age. As a conclusion, the amount of 5 g/kg seeds, 10 g/kg and 20 g/kg pomace, can be added to the diet of the broilers, the dose of 5 g/kg seeds in the diet offering advantages in growing rate and feed valorization in weight gain.

Highlights

The wine industry produces large quantities of grape pomace that consists of skins, seeds and a few fragments of stalk, annually
Studies on the chemical composition of the grape pomace revealed its high content of proteins, fibres, sugars, fats, minerals, vitamins and in particular the phenolic compounds (Alonso et al, 2002; Bonilla et al, 1999; Aslanian et al, 2011; Pop et al, 2014) which justify the use of this by-product in animal nutrition (Baumgärtel et al, 2007; Zalikarenab et al, 2007)
The protective effects of grape pomace and grape seed extracts on growing chickens were studied by a group of researchers from Spain and the results were published in a series of papers from the same department (Goñiet al., 2007; Brenes et al, 2008; Viveros et al, 2011)

Summary

Introduction

The wine industry produces large quantities of grape pomace that consists of skins, seeds and a few fragments of stalk, annually. Studies on the chemical composition of the grape pomace revealed its high content of proteins, fibres, sugars, fats, minerals, vitamins and in particular the phenolic compounds (Alonso et al, 2002; Bonilla et al, 1999; Aslanian et al, 2011; Pop et al, 2014) which justify the use of this by-product in animal nutrition (Baumgärtel et al, 2007; Zalikarenab et al, 2007). Polyphenols accumulate in the solid parts of the grapes, in skins (2835%) seeds (60-70%) and stalks (less than 10%) which pass, after the Pascariu SM, Pop IM, Simeanu D, Pavel G, Solcan C maceration-fermentation process into the grape juice and wine, up to 50% of them, the rest remaining in the grape pomace (Bişboacă, 2012)

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Conclusion