Abstract
The objective of this research is to determine the effects of residence time during decaffeination process using ethyl acetate solvent in decaffeinated controlled machine. The residence times are 2, 4 and 6 h. Decaffeination process was divided into two steps. First step was steaming process and the second step was caffeine extraction process. The objective of steaming process was to achieve the maximum moisture content of coffee bean, so the ethyl acetate solvent could penetrate the coffee bean. The results of steaming process of Robusta coffee beans in the decaffeinated controlled machine for 4 h indicated resources that the beans and their water adsorbed moisture content Increased from 12 to 52%. At the second step, the beans experienced Darkening of color indicated resources by the decreasing value of L from coffee bean. The Lowest caffeine content of 0.3% gained from the longest residence time of decaffeination process (6 h). Decaffeinated coffee bean has the value of the organoleptic test are in the range of 2-2.5 for aroma, flavor, bitterness and body.
Highlights
Indonesia is considered a strategic world coffee exporter
Indonesian coffee production amounted to 11.250 tons per year is quite low when compared to coffee producing countries in the world such as Brazil (50.826 tons per year) and Vietnam (22.000 tons per year) (International Coffee Organization, 2012)
The chemicals used include isopropanol, water, n-propanol, CuSO4, ZnSO4, FeSO4, HCL 37%, chloroform, ethyl acetate, H2SO4 concentrated, Magnesium Oxide (MgO), a solution of Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) 0.1 N, solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 0.1 N All material obtained from various chemical Jember, Jember prosperous shop, BRATACO Chemica, Biochemistry Laboratory of Agricultural Products Department of Agricultural Technology, Laboratory CDAST (Center of Advanced Science and Technology Development) Jember
Summary
Indonesia is considered a strategic world coffee exporter. Indonesia is one of the country's third largest coffee exporter after Brazil and Vietnam. Indonesian coffee production amounted to 11.250 tons per year is quite low when compared to coffee producing countries in the world such as Brazil (50.826 tons per year) and Vietnam (22.000 tons per year) (International Coffee Organization, 2012). Coffee is one of the potential export commodities for Indonesia. In this modern era of human began to realize that the effect of the caffeine in coffee is thought to have adverse effects on human health. Human consciousness on the health impact on the decline of interest for coffee. According Koswara (2006) which states that consuming coffee in doses higher caffeine causes heart pounding, arteriosclerosis, liver damage, hands trembling, muscle spasms, headache, nausea and can even cause mutations in the gene
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