Abstract
To study the characteristics of runoff and soil erosion of natural rainfall conditions, five standard runoff plots were set up in our experiment, and different tillage methods and vegetation coverage types were set up. The 58-month monthly precipitation data and 44-month runoff plot observation data from 2013 to 2017 were analysed. The results show that: 1) The monthly precipitation fluctuates significantly, ranging from 13mm to 683.5mm. The precipitation is unevenly distributed over the year. The largest average monthly precipitation is in June and the smallest is in January. Rainfall is mainly concentrated in the spring and summer. The precipitation from March to June accounts for 58.0% of the annual rainfall. 2) There is a positive correlation between runoff depth and precipitation in each runoff plot (R2= 0. 5101~0. 6676, Sig.<0.01); 3) There is also a positive correlation between soil loss and precipitation (R2=0. 424~0. 558, Sig.<0.01); 4) The amount of soil loss and the runoff depth increase with increasing rainfall. The runoff plot without any vegetation cover or farming measures increase the most. While the one with horizontal steps and shrubs, or a combination of arbor and grass increase the slowest, indicating that they have the best effect of reducing runoff and soil loss.
Highlights
The red soil hilly region (RSHR), located in a subtropical monsoon climate, is the most important strategic agricultural and economic region in China
2) There is a positive correlation between runoff depth and precipitation in each runoff plot (R2= 0. 5101~0. 6676, Sig.
The amount of runoff and soil erosion depend on rainfall precipitation and intensity
Summary
The red soil hilly region (RSHR), located in a subtropical monsoon climate, is the most important strategic agricultural and economic region in China. Rainfall is a necessary condition for runoff and soil erosion. The amount of runoff and soil erosion depend on rainfall precipitation and intensity. Using the simulated rainfall methods, Wang et al studied the runoff and soil loss characteristics of 8 common land-use types under different rainfall conditions. The results showed that the runoff and soil loss of different land use types are significantly different. In the study of Duan et al, four groundcover managements (i.e., control bare land, orchard with no cover, orchard with grass cover and orchard with cover crops) were used to analyse runoff and erosion characteristics related to extreme and ordinary rainfalls in RSHR. Ground cover plant management is an important factor affecting the runoff and soil erosion process of orchards [8]. The implementation of combined measures was more effective than single measures for reducing runoff and soil loss [9]
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