Effects of the turbulent atmosphere and the oceanic turbulence on the propagation of a rotating elliptical Gaussian beam

Abstract

Based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral, the average intensity, the gradient force and the effective beam width in the x- and y-directions of a rotating elliptical Gaussian (REG) beam in the turbulent atmosphere and the oceanic turbulence are explored analytically and numerically. It is shown that the intensity patterns of the REG beam in the atmospheric and the oceanic turbulences spin anticlockwise within a certain propagation range and always keep unimodal distributions during the propagation. Meanwhile, the numerical experiments of the REG beam are carried out to verify the theoretical analytical results. By comparative analysis, the effective beam widths can be adjusted by varying the turbulent characteristic parameters and the initial beam waist of the REG beam. The intensity modulation of the REG beam through the turbulent atmosphere and the oceanic turbulence can be realized.