Abstract
High-fat diets (HFDs) and obesity can cause serious health problems, such as neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive impairments. Consumption of HFD is associated with reduction in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Rosa damascena (R. damascena) is traditionally used as a dietary supplement for many disorders. This study was carried out to determine the beneficial effect of hydroalcoholic extract of R. damascena on in vivo hippocampal synaptic plasticity (long-term potentiation, LTP) in the perforant pathway (PP)—dentate gyrus (DG) pathway in rats fed with an HFD. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Control, R. damascena extract (1 g/kg bw daily for 30 days), HFD (for 90 days) and HFD + extract. The population spike (PS) amplitude and slope of excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSP) were measured in DG area in response to stimulation applied to the PP. Serum oxidative stress biomarkers [total thiol group (TTG) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] were measured. The results showed the HFD impaired LTP induction in the PP-DG synapses. This conclusion is supported by decreased EPSP slope and PS amplitude of LTP. R. damascena supplementation in HFD animals enhanced EPSP slope and PS amplitude of LTP in the granular cell of DG. Consumption of HFD decreased TTG and SOD. R. damascena extract consumption in the HFD animals enhanced TTG and SOD. These data indicate that R. damascena dietary supplementation can ameliorate HFD-induced alteration of synaptic plasticity, probably through its significant antioxidant effects and activate signalling pathways, which are critical in controlling synaptic plasticity.
Highlights
Synapses in the central nervous system (CNS) endure alterations in synaptic strength, a process called synaptic plasticity [1]
We demonstrate that treatment with the hydroalcoholic extract of R. damascena can prevent cognitive impairment caused by the consumption of an High-fat diets (HFDs), as measured by the passive avoidance learning test [25]
The total thiol status in the body, especially thiol groups present in proteins are considered as major plasma antioxidants in vivo, and most of them are present over albumin [62], and they are the major reducing groups present in our body fluids [63]
Summary
Synapses in the central nervous system (CNS) endure alterations in synaptic strength, a process called synaptic plasticity [1]. Synaptic plasticity is one of the basic mechanisms in neural circuits for most models of learning and memory [2]. These changes are collectively referred to as Hebbian plasticity, which occur locally in individual. Numerous studies have reported that high-fat diet (HFD) consumption can alter the morphology and structure of synapses, the amounts of released neurotransmitters and synaptic plasticity in different areas of the brain, and especially in the hippocampus [5,6,7,8].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
