Abstract
BackgroundLabor, although natural and physiological, is a period that can be marked by stress, pain, anxiety, suffering, fear, and anguish for a woman. Thus, non-pharmacological methods that reduce pain during labor are important to allow a better experience without the use of medications. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of non-pharmacological pain relief methods, added or not to the application of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS), on pain, satisfaction with the childbirth, duration of labor, and newborn conditions.MethodsThis is a randomized controlled clinical trial, with a non-probabilistic convenience sample, composed of women in the first active stage of labor, admitted to a public institution. The parturients will be divided into 3 groups: group 1 (n = 36) composed of parturients who will have continuous support and will be encouraged to walk, adopting different positions with the use of the Swiss ball and receiving back massage for 30 min; group 2 (n = 36) composed of parturients who will also have continuous support and will be encouraged to walk, adopt different positions using the Swiss ball, and will receive the application of TENS for 30 min; and group 3 (n = 36) composed of parturients who will have continuous support and will be encouraged to walk, adopting different positions with the use of the Swiss ball, and will receive placebo TENS application for 30 min. The outcomes evaluated in the study will be pain intensity assessed by the visual analog scale of pain applied before, immediately after, and 30 min and 1 h after the interventions; Experience and Satisfaction with Childbirth Questionnaire (QESP) applied 12 to 24 h after delivery; and data regarding delivery (type of delivery, total duration of labor, and possible obstetric complications) and neonate (weight, height, possible complications, Apgar score in the first and fifth minutes).DiscussionWith this research, it is expected to understand the effects of the intervention through TENS electrostimulation added to other non-pharmacological methods for pain management during labor.Trial registrationBrazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC) RBR-68kh6j. Registered on March 17, 2020
Highlights
Background and rationale {6a} Labor, natural and physiological, is a period of time that can be marked by stress, pain, anxiety, suffering, fear, and anguish for women [1]
It is an equipment used for pain relief, and studies have analyzed its effect during labor [13, 14]
The feeling of pain during labor is feared by pregnant women and can be one of the factors that lead women to move away from the decision for vaginal birth
Summary
Background and rationale {6a} Labor, natural and physiological, is a period of time that can be marked by stress, pain, anxiety, suffering, fear, and anguish for women [1]. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of non-pharmacological pain relief methods such as walking, kinesiotherapy or maternal mobility, exercise on a Swiss ball, massage, breathing exercises, relaxation techniques, and hot bath with the aim of reducing pain and promoting an active posture of the parturient, with greater autonomy for women [2]. A non-pharmacological method that has been investigated is the use of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) It is an equipment used for pain relief, and studies have analyzed its effect during labor [13, 14]. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of non-pharmacological pain relief methods, added or not to the application of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS), on pain, satisfaction with the childbirth, duration of labor, and newborn conditions
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