Abstract
The experiment was conducted to study the effect of pure glycerin supplementation (GLYC) in the drinking water of broilers subjected to heat stress and feed restriction. Water with 0, 1, or 2% glycerin was provided ad libitum to broilers in six hours of feed restriction. The birds were housed in two environments: thermoneutral (TN) - 25 ° C, and cyclic heat stress (HS) - 12h with 250C, 6h with 320C, 3h of 250 to 320C and 3h of 320 to 250C. The experimental design was randomized in a factorial arrangement of 2 x 3 + 2, with three GLYC levels, two environments and one control group with ad libitum feeding each environment. When submitted to HS, broiler receiving 2% glycerin presented higher weight gain (WG), water consumption (WC), feed intake (FI) and energy consumption (EI) than those in the other treatments, contrarily to birds in TN, where increasing GLYC levels decreased those responses. Broilers submitted to feed restriction presented reduced FI, but better feed conversion (FCR), independently of rearing environment or GLYC levels. Broilers under HS submitted to feed restriction and receiving 2% GLYC presented higher WC (p< 0.05) and similar WG as the controls, differently from the restricted-fed broilers under TN receiving 2% GLYC, which WC and WG were lower than the controls. The inclusion of 2% pure glycerin in the drinking water may compensate the negative effects on performance caused by feed restriction in broilers submitted to heat stress.
Highlights
Studies on glycerol consumption via drinking water for animals and human athletes have shown that this substance has hyper-moisturizing properties due to the osmotic effect of glycerol in the body, supporting body fluid regulation when physical activities are performed in high environmental temperatures (Schott et al, 2001; Coutts et al, 2002; Kavouras et al, 2006; Patlar et al, 2012).The survival of poultry under heat stress largely depends on water consumption, because this nutrient is associated with thermoregulatory mechanisms
The analysis of the 2 x 3 factorial arrangement showed an interaction of glycerin supplementation (GLYC) levels with the environment for the parameters feed intake (FI), water consumption (WC), weight gain (WG), and energy consumption (EI) during the restriction and subsequent period
Under heat stress (HS), the birds receiving2% GLYC presented higher WG (p0.05), opposite to the WG results obtained in the TN environment, where 2% GLYC promoted the worst WG results (Figure 6)
Summary
Studies on glycerol consumption via drinking water for animals and human athletes have shown that this substance has hyper-moisturizing properties due to the osmotic effect of glycerol in the body, supporting body fluid regulation when physical activities are performed in high environmental temperatures (Schott et al, 2001; Coutts et al, 2002; Kavouras et al, 2006; Patlar et al, 2012).The survival of poultry under heat stress largely depends on water consumption, because this nutrient is associated with thermoregulatory mechanisms. Studies on glycerol consumption via drinking water for animals and human athletes have shown that this substance has hyper-moisturizing properties due to the osmotic effect of glycerol in the body, supporting body fluid regulation when physical activities are performed in high environmental temperatures (Schott et al, 2001; Coutts et al, 2002; Kavouras et al, 2006; Patlar et al, 2012). Chickens decrease their feed intake to reduce the heat increment produced from feed metabolism, resulting in worse performance (Macari et al, 2002; Ribeiro et al, 2008; Oba et al, 2012). Reducing feed intake decreased the metabolic rate, and body temperature. Several studies showed that the body temperature and the mortality rate of broilers under heat stress submitted to feed restriction are reduced (Yahavet al., 1996; De Basilio et al, 2001; Yalçin et al, 1997).
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