Abstract
The Wenzel (WZ) to Cassie‐Baxter (CB) transition of a water droplet on a periodic array of pillars was investigated theoretically. Treating the WZ to CB transition as a phase transition, an analytical theory was developed previously for the threshold value of the inter‐pillar spacing, ST, below which the WZ to CB transition occurs. Herein, the theory of ST was applied to the square array of rectangular, cylindrical, or ellipsoidal pillars with a range of experimental sizes. The behavior of ST was examined by varying the height and width of the pillars. The theory is shown to agree well with previous experiments. The present analytic expressions of ST can provide guidelines for designing the surface structure forming the CB states of water droplets.
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