Abstract
ABSTRACT Palm oil (PO), the most consumed edible oil, is persistently adulterated with Sudan IV dye (S4D). We investigated the potential hematological derangements occasioned by ingesting S4D-adulterated PO. Thirty male albino rats were grouped into five (n = 6); Control, PO (10%), PO + S4D (100 mg), PO + S4D (250 mg), and S4D (250 mg). Rats received unadulterated or S4D-adulterated PO through diet for 21 days. Exposure to S4D (alone and via adulterated PO) provoked significant (p < 0.05) reductions in the packed cell volume, hemoglobin, red and white blood cell counts, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eosinophils, while monocyte population was significantly (p < 0.05) elevated. The erythropoietin gene expression was downregulated, while monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 was upregulated in the kidneys of S4D-exposed groups compared to control and PO-alone groups. Notably, these hematological parameters were not significantly different (p > 0.05) in the unadulterated PO-exposed rats compared to the control. These results reveal the potential hematotoxic and immunotoxic effects of adulterating PO with S4D.
Published Version
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