Abstract
This meta-analysis examines the influence of smart classrooms on students' learning outcome, synthesizing findings from 21 empirical studies. The results indicate a significant overall effect size (SMD = 1.10), suggesting that smart classrooms positively affect learning outcomes more than traditional settings. Cognitive development (SMD = 1.014) and behavioral development (SMD = 2.155) saw the most substantial impacts, while the effect on emotional development was minimal (SMD = -0.001). Moderator analyses revealed that primary school students benefited most, and STEM subjects showed greater improvement. Larger class sizes and specific teaching strategies, such as Problem-Based Learning, were associated with better outcomes. Despite the positive findings, limitations include study exclusions due to lacking statistical data and variability in smart classroom definitions and implementations. The study highlights the potential of smart classrooms to enhance educational experiences and calls for further research to optimize their use.
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