Effects of seed furrow liquid spraying device on sowing quality and seedling growth of maize

Wenjun Wang,Qi Wang,Honglei Jia,Jian Zhuang,Wanpeng Wang

doi:10.25165/j.ijabe.20191202.3799

Abstract

The two cultivation patterns, no-tillage and ridge cultivation, are widely used in maize planting in Northeast China. However, the seed bounce in the falling process and drought seriously at the seedling stage often occur to affect the sowing quality, mean emergence time, percentage of emergence, root biomass, aboveground biomass and root shoot ratio of maize, and eventually reduces the grain yield. To solve the problems, a seed furrow liquid spraying device was designed and thereby the effects of spraying water volumes [0 L/m (V0), 0.6 L/m (V1), 1.2 L/m (V2) and 1.8 L/m (V3)] and nozzle types [conical nozzle (N1) and sectorial nozzle (N2)] on the sowing quality and seedling growth of maize were studied. The water volume and nozzle type had significant effects on the sowing quality (QR, CV, LD), not seedling growth (MET, PE, RB, AB, RSR) (p V2 > V1 > V0). However, the variability coefficient of seed spacing and lateral deviation of seed position were the opposite. The larger spraying water volume led to shorter mean emergence time (V0 > V1 > V2 > V3) and higher percentage of emergence (V3 > V2 > V1 > V0). The root biomass and aboveground biomass increased significantly with the enlargement of spraying water volume. Under different water volumes, the root shoot ratio differed significantly. The plants in the V1, V2 and V3 treatments had lower root shoot ratios compared with the V0 treatment. The increase of spraying water volume significantly reduced the root shoot ratio. The seed furrow liquid spraying device provides a reference for improving sowing quality and promoting seedling growth. Keywords: seed bounce, drought, spraying water volume, nozzle type, seed spacing uniformity, root shoot ratio DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20191202.3799 Citation: Wang W J, Wang W P, Jia H L, Zhuang J, Wang Q. Effects of seed furrow liquid spraying device on sowing quality and seedling growth of maize. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(2): 68–74.

Highlights

The Northeast China farming region is the most important commodity grain base of China
The qualified rate of seed spacing was increased with the increase of the water volume (V3 > V2 > V1 > volumes [0 L/m (V0))
To solve the problems of seeds bounce in the falling process and drought at the seedling stage, we designed a seed furrow liquid spraying device, which can adjust the spraying water volume according to the demand of land

Summary

Introduction

The Northeast China farming region is the most important commodity grain base of China. The planting area of maize is about 8.9×106 hm, accounting for more than 50% of the planting areas of grain crops in this region and 29% of maize acreage in China[1]. Due to the unreasonable utilization of water resources in recent years, drought frequently attacked the Northeast China farming region, especially in spring[4]. In this region, 27% of the maize planting areas are highly drought-sensitive[5,6,7]. The urgent problems in the Northeast China farming region are how to improve the seed or plant spacing variability and deal with the adverse effects of drought

Methods

Results

Conclusion