Effects of sea urchin (Diadema setosum) gonad extracts on gene expression of FOXP3 and the production of cytokine on Salmonella typhi-induced mice

Wa Ode Salma ,Sitti Wahyuni ,S.u Mohammad As 'Ad ,Nursin Abdul Kadir ,Irawan Yusuf

doi:10.7324/japs.2018.81216

Abstract

The gonad of the sea urchin, Diadema setosum, is highly nutritious and has demonstrated importance for the regulation of inflammation response. However, no previous research has evaluated the capacity of sea urchin gonads to regulate inflammatory response. Our objectives were to examine the effect of gonad extracts of D. setosum on expression of mRNA FoxP3 gene and the production of cytokine (Interferon-gamma (IFN-y) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in mice after the induction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) using Salmonella typhi. Fifteen male mice were divided into two groups (intervention and control), before and after intraperitoneal injection of S. typhi. The intervention group was treated with two dosages of the extracted gonad (100 and 200 mg/kg of body weight). The control group was fed with natural diet only. We found that the expression of gene FoxP3 and production of cytokine exhibited a short decrease after 24 hours of LPS induction and then returned to pre-induction levels. Notably, the expression of FoxP3 and production of IFN-y in the control group continued to decline significantly until day 7. Conversely, the production of IL-10 continued to increase significantly. We conclude that the gonad extract of D. setosum is effective for the regulation of immune response and it has strong potential to be developed as a dietary supplement for acute and chronic inflammation.

Highlights

One of the primary expressions in the immune system is the ability to undertake inflammation reaction to the presence of pathogen stimulation
The purpose of our research study was to examine the effects of extracted gonad of D. setosum on the expression of the FoxP3 gene and cytokine (IFN-g and IL-10) on mice BALB/c infected by S. typhi
After 10 days of intervention, blood was taken from the three groups, and mice were left to rest for 3 hours

Summary

Introduction

One of the primary expressions in the immune system is the ability to undertake inflammation reaction to the presence of pathogen stimulation. If an over-inflammation reaction occurs, it will result in a number of chronic inflammatory diseases (Bordoni et al, 2017). Cytokine of IL-10 and IFN-γ secreting CD4+ T cells are activated during chronic infections and are responsible for the prolonged persistence of microbes and for host protection against severe inflammatory responses (Flores-García et al, 2011). Micronutrient contents in cells can maintain the function of the immune system (Mocchegiani et al, 2014). Nutrient contents in the diet, such as vitamins A, B9, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and flavonoids, in the diet induce the deferential of T regulatory cells, thereby suppressing chronic inflammatory diseases (Kim and Lee, 2013). Components of certain nutrients in the diet may increase the expression of mRNA FoxP3 (IssazadehNavikas et al, 2012)

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