Abstract
Photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) production by water splitting provides an alternative to fossil fuels using clean and renewable energy, which gives important requirements about the efficiency of photocatalysts, co-catalysts, and sacrificial agents. To achieve higher H2 production efficiencies from water splitting, the study uses different metals such as yttrium (Y), praseodymium (Pr), magnesium (Mg), Indium (In), calcium (Ca), europium (Eu), and terbium (Tb) doped lanthanum iron oxide (LaFeO3) perovskites. They were synthesized using a co-precipitate method in a citric acid solution, which was loaded with the rhodium chromium oxide (RhCrOx) cocatalysts by an impregnation method along with a detailed investigation of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. Photoluminescence (PL) and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) measured the rate of electron–hole recombination for RhCrOx/Pr-LaFeO3 photocatalysts, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) analyzed their characteristics. The experimental results obtained show that the samples with 0.5 wt.% RhCrOx loading and 0.1 M Pr-doped LaFeO3 calcined at a temperature of 700 °C (0.1Pr-LaFeO3-700) exhibited the highest photocatalytic H2 evolution rate of 127 µmol h−1 g−1, which is 34% higher photocatalytic H2 evolution performance than undoped LaFeO3 photocatalysts (94.8 μmol h−1 g−1). A measure of 20% of triethanolamine (TEOA) enabled a high hole capture capability and promoted 0.1-Pr-LaFeO3-700 to get the highest H2 evolution rate.
Highlights
Hydrogen is an ideal clean fuel of the future and is compatible with current fuel storage and transportation infrastructures, along with suitability for extended periods of storage [1].Hydrogen gas is supplied to the anode compartment of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), and is oxidized to form two protons and two electrons [2]
Photocatalytic hydrogen production by water splitting provides an alternative to fossil fuels using clean and renewable energy
The574 results shown in Figure the Prthe different metal doped were found to have a lower intensity than undoped photocatalyst demonstrated a higher photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity
Summary
Hydrogen gas is supplied to the anode compartment of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), and is oxidized to form two protons and two electrons [2]. Compared to conventional fossil fuels used for electricity generation, the PEMFC is considered to be one of the most efficient energy converters and is widely utilized in automotive vehicles [3]. PEMFCs can be used as a grid-connected electrical generator [2], enabling the clean and efficient production of power and heat from a range of primary energy sources. The development of efficient processes to utilize naturally available solar energy is an important research direction, and generating hydrogen by splitting water with solar energy has emerged as a strong contender [5]. Photocatalytic hydrogen production by water splitting provides an alternative to fossil fuels using clean and renewable energy
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