Abstract
Concrete is porous; the partial pores in the internal structure of concrete are generated by hydration products, such as calcium hydroxide, dissolved in water. External harmful substances in the form of gases or aqueous solutions can penetrate concrete. The destruction of the internal structure of concrete leads to problems such as shortening of the service life of concrete as well as the corrosion and poor durability of steel. To improve the pore structure of concrete, a material can be added to concrete mixtures to cause the secondary hydration of the hydration products of cement. This reaction is expected to reduce the pore volume and increase the density of concrete. For existing concrete structures, inorganic crystalline materials can be used to protect the surface and reduce the intrusion of external harmful substances. In this study, the water–binder ratio was 0.4 and 0.6. Three inorganic crystalline materials and recycled fine aggregates (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement of natural aggregates by weight) were used in the same cement-based composites. The results indicated that all specimens had a high total charge-passed value, and inorganic crystalline material C provided superior protection for green cement-based composites.
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