Abstract
Abstract The role of the secondary streamer in radical production has been extensively studied, while most of studies analyzed the secondary streamer by assuming a constant electric field in the secondary streamer, thereby ignoring the dynamic nature of the secondary streamer. In this study, the dynamics of the secondary streamer and the effects of pulse rise rate and pulse width are investigated using simulations. The temporal evolution of the secondary streamer under pulsed voltage is analyzed using a novel model. The results shows that the electric field in the secondary streamer first decreases linearly with the length of the secondary streamer, and then changes with the pulsed voltage after the cessation of the secondary streamer. The decrease of the electric field in the secondary streamer is the dominant factor responsible for the cessation of the secondary streamer. As a result, radicals are predominantly produced prior to the the cessation of the secondary streamer. By understanding the dynamics of the secondary streamer, it becomes possible to control the electric field and length of the secondary streamer by adjusting the pulse rise rate and pulse width, respectively, to enhance the energy efficiency of radical production. The increase in the length of the secondary streamer is always advantageous for improving energy efficiency, as it leads to greater energy deposition within the secondary streamer. For N(4S), the optimal electric field is approximately 600 Td, which cannot be achieved in the secondary streamer. In contrast, for O(3P), the optimal electric field is around 180 Td, which can be attained by regulating the voltage waveform.
Published Version
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