Effects of Psidium guajava and Ribes americanum Aqueous Extracts and Dietary Modification on some Markers of Renal, Cardiac Dysfunction in Rats

Abstract

The effect of aqueous extract of P. guajava and R. americanum and dietary modification interactions on serum renal function markers levels (urea, creatinine) cardiac function markers (lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine kinase), serum ions (calcium, sodium, and potassium ions) were investigated in rats. Fully grown Wister strain rats were exposed to high fat and salted diet formulation and treated with the aqueous extract for a period of 6 weeks. The diets were formulated by adding 25% animal fat and 5% palm oil to standard feeds (Vital feeds, Bukuru Jos, Plateau. Significant decrease in serum urea, creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase activities in the group treated with P. guajava and R. americanum aqueous extract compared to the high fat-salted water group. There was no significant difference in plasma urea and Creatinine, LDH and CK levels between the standard feeds and standard feed plus salted water group. Significant increase in the plasma Creatinine and lactate dehydrogenase levels (at p<0.05) of the high-fat plus salted water group when compared with the high fat group. Significant (at p<0.05) increase in serum sodium of the group exposed to salted water when compared with the non-salted water group. There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in serum sodium levels of extract administered groups compared to the high fat-salted water and standard feed salted water groups. There was also a significant increase, at p<0.05, in serum potassium and calcium of the extracts administered group when compared with the standard feed salted water, high fat and high fat salted water groups. The study showed that the combined effects of high fat and high salt increased serum sodium and decreased serum potassium and calcium. Administration of the aqueous extract administration reversed by the effects