Abstract
The effects of thermal shrinkage pretreatment and prepressurization on the morphology and performance of cellulose acetate (Formamide type, CA-F) membranes have been investigated. Membrane morphology was characterized by changes in pure water permeability constant A and the solute transport parameter ( D AM / Kδ) for sodium chloride. In the shrinkage temperature range 80–85°C, A and ( D AM / Kδ) for NaCl decrease remarkably indicating a steep decrease in the average pore size on the membrane surface and an abrupt change in surface morphology of the membrane. While the initial shrinkage temperature does not affect the average pore size on the membrane surface obtained ultimately at a given higher shrinkage temperature, the former has a significant effect on the morphology of the porous sublayer underneath the membrane surface. Both A and ( D AM / Kδ) decrease with the pressure used in the prepressurization treatment for membranes preshrunk at 80°C or less; for those preshrunk at higher temperatures, prepressurization treatment has practically no effect on the relative magnitudes of A and ( D AM / Kδ).
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