Abstract
Assuming that secretory immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) in pre-schoolers is influenced by wake-up time, bedtime, sleeping duration and activity, the current study examined the influence of basic pre-schooler lifestyle on the circadian rhythm of s-IgA. We conducted a questionnaire survey on lifestyle and measured steps, heart rate and salivary s-IgA in 44 pre-schoolers aged 4 or 5 years old. Saliva was collected over 2 days at six time points: bedtime, upon waking up, upon arriving at nursery school, before lunch, after lunch and upon going home. To obtain relatively reliable s-IgA values, the s-IgA concentration/total protein concentration ratio (referred to as s-IgA/T.P.) was calculated. Relationship between the s-IgA/T.P. and heart rate, steps, wake-up time, bedtime and sleeping duration was then examined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Accordingly, pre-schooler lifestyle had the following effect on circadian rhythm of s-IgA: 1) s-IgA/T.P. values were higher upon waking up than at other measurement time points; 2) pre-schoolers with considerable physical activity had high s-IgA/T.P. at bedtime and upon waking up; and 3) pre-schoolers with long sleeping durations and early bedtime had high s-IgA/T.P. upon waking up. Thus, our results confirmed that pre-schoolers’ lifestyle habits, such as bedtime, sleeping duration, physical activity, had an effect on the circadian rhythm of s-IgA.
Highlights
Assuming that secretory immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) in pre-schoolers is influenced by wake-up time, bedtime, sleeping duration and activity, the current study examined the influence of basic pre-schooler lifestyle on the circadian rhythm of secretory-immunoglobulin A (s-IgA)
The current study examined the influence of basic pre-schooler lifestyle on the circadian rhythm of s-IgA with the assumption that pre-schooler s-IgA levels are influenced by wake-up time, bedtime, sleeping duration and activity
In order to confirm that the subjects of this study have standard lifestyles, we compared them with a previous study by Hattori et al [10] and a health survey on pre-schoolers [11], which included large number of subjects
Summary
Most research on pre-schooler healthy has involved surveys conducted using questionnaires, with only a handful utilizing biochemical indicators. To better determining the effects of pre-schooler lifestyle, understanding how it affects the pre-schooler’s physiology utilizing objective biochemical indicators is necessary. S-IgA is largely found in the saliva and early breast milk and attacks invading bacteria and viruses present on the mucous membranes of the oral and upper respiratory tract [3] [4]. Measuring salivary s-IgA levels in pre-schoolers can help us determine the local immunologic capability of their oral and nasal cavities, which are important for defence against upper respiratory tract infection
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