Abstract
Background: Mangrove plants produce polyisoprenoid compounds. Polyisoprenoids have been proven to have anticancer properties. This study investigated the inhibitory activity of polyisoprenoids derived from the leaves of mangrove plants Avicennia alba and Avicennia lanata regarding the expression of PI3K, Akt1, mTOR, P53, and EGFR genes against human colorectal adenocarcinoma WiDr cells. Methods: Anticancer activity was tested through the MTT assay method performed on WiDr cells. The cell cycle and apoptosis were analysed by flow cytometry and double staining. Gene expression of PI3K, Akt1, mTOR, P53, and EGFR was observed using the RT-PCR method. Results: Cytotoxic activity against WiDr cells showed that the IC50 for A. alba and A. lanata was 258.14 ug/mL and 243.32 ug/mL, respectively. This observation indicated the possibility to develop moderate anticancer agents. The cell cycle showed that inhibition of A. alba and A. lanata occurred in the late phase of apoptosis S (10.60 and 10.51%) and G2-M1 (22.05 and 23.84%), which was higher than negative and positive control cells. Furthermore, the polyisoprenoids derived from A. alba and A. lanata leaves exhibited anticancer activity in WiDr cells through the downregulated gene expression of PI3K, Akt1, mTOR, and EGFR as well as the upregulated gene expression of P53. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that polyisoprenoids obtained from A. alba and A. lanata leaves are promising chemopreventive agents for colon cancer.
Highlights
Of all the mangrove plants, why or how were the two plants chosen for investigation? Spelling and grammatical errors and omissions should be corrected
This study demonstrated that polyisoprenoids obtained from A. alba and A. lanata leaves are promising chemopreventive agents for colon cancer
The cytotoxic test material was derived from polyisoprenoids of mangrove leaves (PAA and PAL) against colon cancer cells (WiDr) with a concentration series of 1000, 500, 250, 125, and 62.5 μg/mL
Summary
Of all the mangrove plants, why or how were the two plants chosen for investigation? Spelling and grammatical errors and omissions should be corrected. This study investigated the inhibitory activity of polyisoprenoids derived from the leaves of mangrove plants Avicennia alba and Avicennia lanata regarding the expression of PI3K, Akt[1], mTOR, P53, and EGFR genes against human colorectal adenocarcinoma WiDr cells. Methods: Anticancer activity was tested through the MTT assay method performed on WiDr cells. Results: Cytotoxic activity against WiDr cells showed that the IC50 for A. alba and A. lanata was 258.14 ug/mL and 243.32 ug/mL, respectively. This observation indicated the possibility to develop moderate anticancer agents. The cell cycle showed that inhibition of A. alba and A. lanata occurred in the late phase of apoptosis S (10.60 and version 4 (revision)
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