Effects of orbital angular momentum on few-cycle and sub-cycle pulse shapes: coupling between the temporal and angular momentum degrees of freedom.

Abstract

We describe the effects of the coupling between the orbital angular momentum (OAM) and the temporal degrees of freedom in pulsed Laguerre-Gauss beams as a significant increase of the duration of few-cycle pulses when the OAM carried by the pulse is large, and as an enhancement to other previously known spatiotemporal couplings as radial red- and blue-shift of the mean frequency. In contrast to other detrimental, but retrievable, effects in the generation and propagation of ultrashort vortices such as spatial, group velocity, and topological charge dispersions, the OAM-temporal coupling effect is unavoidable and, therefore, has an impact on applications such as OAM-based optical communications, or on the generation of vortex-carrying attosecond pulses.