Effects of Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs on Flow Rate and Protein Composition of Saliva in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Fayhaa Al- Mashhadane

doi:10.33899/rden.2011.9085

Abstract

Aims: To study the effects of both diabetes mellitus and oral hypoglycemic drugs (metfomin) on sali-vary flow rate and total protein levels of saliva and to compare them with control healthy subjects and to determine their effects on oral health of these patients. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 45 individuals (27 males and 18 females); 15 individuals of them were healthy subjects and considered as control group. The second group which comprised 15 patients with diabetes mellitus and received no any treatment (uncontrolled).The third group, diabetic patients were treated with met-formin only. Subjects were selected from the out patients attending Oral Surgery Department, College of Dentistry-University of Mosul. The samples of saliva were collected and salivary flow rates and total protein was determined for each individual, then its relation to oral health was measured accord-ing to Simplified Oral Hygiene Index by Greene and Vermillion. Results: One way analysis of variance was performed and showed that their were significant differences among all study groups for both sali-vary flow rate and total salivary protein concentration .The results of Duncan's Multiple analysis range test showed that there were no significant differences in salivary flow rates and total salivary protein concentrations between first and third groups while significant differences were seen between first and second and between second and third groups .For oral health scores , there was no significant differ-ences between first and third groups while significant differences were observed between first and se-cond and between second and third groups. Conclusions: Changes in salivary flow rates and salivary protein concentrations can result from diabetes mellitus which can affect oral health of these patients, while oral hypoglycemic drugs had no such effects

Highlights

Diabetes mellitus is a wide spread complex disease with high morbidity and health care costs [1]
The oral complications of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus are devastating. These may include xerostomia, salivary gland dysfunction, gingivitis and periodontal disease and this is related to several pathological events associated with diabetes [5].Several classes of drugs were associated with dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction or hypofunction which may influence concentrations of salivary proteins leading to changes of oral health status among individuals using these drugs [6, 7, 8].Since saliva is a diagnostic medium that can be collected with minimal invasion [9],this study was conducted to investigate the effects of both Diabetes Mellitus and antidiabetic drugs on salivary flow rate and total protein concentrations of saliva compared to control healthy subjects and to determine their effects on oral health of these patients
One way analysis of variance was performed to test the differences in salivary protein concentrations among the first group, second group and third group

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Diabetes mellitus is a wide spread complex disease with high morbidity and health care costs [1]. It is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin production, insulin www.rafidaindentj.net. Al - Mashhadane FAM action, or both [2] It can be treated by oral hypoglycemic drugs such as sulfonylureas and metformin [3]. Both diabetes mellitus and drugs used in the treatment of this disease can affect the mouth and salivary glands [4]. The oral complications of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus are devastating. These may include xerostomia, salivary gland dysfunction, gingivitis and periodontal disease and this is related to several pathological events associated with diabetes [5].Several classes of drugs were associated with dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction or hypofunction which may influence concentrations of salivary proteins leading to changes of oral health status among individuals using these drugs [6, 7, 8].Since saliva is a diagnostic medium that can be collected with minimal invasion [9],this study was conducted to investigate the effects of both Diabetes Mellitus and antidiabetic drugs on salivary flow rate and total protein concentrations of saliva compared to control healthy subjects and to determine their effects on oral health of these patients

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS