Effects of Non-phytate Phosphorus and 1a-Hydroxycholecalciferol on Growth Performance, Bone Mineralization, and Carcass Traits of Broiler Chickens

K Ma,JC Han,YF Yan,JL Zhang,HX Qu,YH Cheng,GH Chen,JG Wang

doi:10.1590/1516-635x1704503-510

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of dietary non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) and 1a-hydroxycholecalciferol (1a-OH-D3) on the growth performance, bone mineralization, and carcass traits of 1- to 21-day-old broiler chickens. On the day of hatch, 600 male Ross 308 chicks were weighed and randomly assigned to 12 treatments, with five cages of 10 birds each. A 6 × 2 factorial arrangement was applied, consisting of 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35%, 0.40%, or 0.45% NPP and 0 or 5 μg/kg of 1a-OH-D3. The basal diet contained 0.52% calcium (Ca) and was not supplemented with vitamin D3. Dietary NPP levels significantly affected growth performance and tibia mineralization (except width) of broilers; by contrast, meat yield and organ relative weight were not influenced by NPP. The inclusion of 1a-OH-D3 improved growth performance, tibia mineralization, and carcass and breast yield, whereas it decreased the relative weights of the liver, heart, and kidney. A significant interaction between NPP and 1a-OH-D3 was observed for body weight gain (BWG), feed efficiency (FE), mortality, serum Ca and P levels, tibia breaking-strength, ash weight, and Ca content, as well as breast yield and heart relative weight. These results suggest that broilers fed with 5 μg of 1a-OH-D3 per kg of diet obtain optimal growth performance and tibia mineralization when dietary NPP level was 0.30% and the analyzed Ca to NPP ratio was 1.97.

Highlights

Intestinal mucosa phytase activity increases and more phytate phosphorus (PP) is hydrolyzed at low dietary calcium (Ca, 0.40%) compared with high Ca (0.90%) in broiler chickens from 14 to 24 days of age (Applegate et al.,2003)
The present study showed that 1α-OH-D3 did not significantly affect serum Ca level
The present study showed that chicks fed 1α-OH-D3 presented the greatest tibia breaking-strength, weight, length, width, and ash weight values when dietary non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) level was 0.30% and the analyzed Ca to NPP ratio was 1.97

Summary

Introduction

Intestinal mucosa phytase activity increases and more phytate phosphorus (PP) is hydrolyzed at low dietary calcium (Ca, 0.40%) compared with high Ca (0.90%) in broiler chickens from 14 to 24 days of age (Applegate et al.,2003). Broiler growth rate and tibia ash responses to supplemental phytase are the greatest at low non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) levels and high Ca levels, and these responses decrease when the Ca level decreases or when the NPP level increases (Driver et al, 2005). These data indicate that dietary Ca and phosphorus (P) affect the efficacy of endogenous and exogenous phytase in broiler chickens. The efficacy of 1α-OH-D3 negatively responded to dietary Ca levels (Han et al, 2012) These data indicate that dietary Ca affects vitamin D bioavailability

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