Abstract
Multi-inorganic element-doped TiO 2 was prepared as a semiconductor in the working electrode of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The particle size of TiO 2 decreased by about 20% after the use of a paint shaker that enlarged the contact area between the TiO 2 and the dye or electrolyte. The fill factor and efficiency of the DSSC improved by around 14% and more than a factor of 3, respectively, based on the effects of multi-element dopants and the size reduction of TiO 2. The mechanism was suggested by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy, and intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy analysis methods. It seems that the doped multi-inorganic elements (B, C, N and F) prevent the electrons in the conduction band of TiO 2 from returning to the dye or electrolyte for recombination by improved electron transfer. In addition, the reduced size of TiO 2 was beneficial for active reactions at the TiO 2/dye/electrolyte interface by enlarging the contact area.
Published Version
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