Effects of Moderate Combined Resistance- and Aerobic-Exercise for 12 Weeks on Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Blood Pressure, Arterial Stiffness, and Physical Functions, among Obese Older Men: A Pilot Study.

Wonil Park,Won-Sang Jung,Sung-Woo Kim,Kwangseok Hong,Yae-Young Kim,Hun-Young Park

doi:10.3390/ijerph17197233

Abstract

We demonstrated the hypothesis that combined exercise improves body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, blood pressure (BP), arterial stiffness, and physical functions, in obese older men. Older men (n = 20) were randomly assigned to combined exercise training (EXP; n = 10) or control groups (CON; n = 10). The combined exercise was comprised of elastic-band resistance training and walking/running on a treadmill and bicycle at 60–70% of maximal heart rate for 3 days/weeks. EXP showed significant decreases in body weight, body mass index, and %body fat (p < 0.05). The exercise program significantly reduced BP, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Furthermore, while the plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and epinephrine were significantly reduced in EXP, VO2 peak and grip strength were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05). In conclusion, it is indicated that 12-week regular combined exercise improves body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, hemodynamics, and physical performance in obese older men.

Highlights

Human longevity is progressively increasing due to improvements in medical care and technology, which is a recent global phenomenon
The participants with the following conditions were included in the present study: (1) those who were not taking any medication; (2) who had a body mass index (BMI) of >25 kg/m2 ; and (3) who participated in only low levels of activity
There was no significant difference in body composition between control groups (CON) and EXP, before intervention

Summary

Introduction

Human longevity is progressively increasing due to improvements in medical care and technology, which is a recent global phenomenon. 8.5% of the population worldwide is over the age of 65 years, and the older population is expected to grow by 17% by 2050 [1]. Advancing age leads to functional impairments such as an inability to transfer, walk, or dress [2]. It is commonly known that obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases or metabolic disorders [3]. The prevalence of obesity in older individuals continues to rise over time

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Conclusion