Abstract
In this study, the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the phytomass and triterpenoid production of diploid and tetraploid Centella asiatica hairy roots were investigated. Hairy root cultures were obtained from diploid and induced tetraploid plants of C. asiatica infected by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ATCC 43057. MeJA triggered triterpenoid production in both ploidy hairy roots, whereas triterpenoids were not produced in the untreated hairy roots. Among the treatments, the 50 µM MeJA treatment yielded the maximum triterpenoid production in diploid hairy roots of 27.25 ± 0.27 µg/mg Dry weight (DW) total triterpenoid at day 21. For the tetraploid hairy root cultures, the 28th-day hairy root culture produced a maximum amount of triterpenoids of 16.29 ± 6.32 µg/mg DW in response to the 50 µM MeJA treatment, whereas the 100 µM MeJA treatment produced a similar triterpenoid amount (16.31 ± 9.24 µg/mg DW) at day 14. Moreover, in response to 50 µM MeJA, we obtained different ratios of aglycone to glycoside, i.e., 1:7 and 1:2, between the diploid and tetraploid hairy root cultures. Asiaticoside was the dominant phytochemical, followed by asiatic acid and madecassic acid. This study provides valuable information for producing triterpenoids for C. asiatica commercial products and preparations by using hairy root cultures.
Highlights
In this study, the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the phytomass and triterpenoid production of diploid and tetraploid Centella asiatica hairy roots were investigated
Madecassoside, asiaticoside, madecassic acid and asiatic acid are the principle phytochemicals of C. asiatica and possess pharmacological activities such as wound healing[3,4], memory improvement, cognition and mood modulation[5]
In vitro hairy root culture, a disease caused by Agrobacterium rhizogenes infection, is an innovative platform for phytochemical production and a sustainable and economically feasible alternative to propagated plants[9]
Summary
The effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the phytomass and triterpenoid production of diploid and tetraploid Centella asiatica hairy roots were investigated. Hairy root cultures were obtained from diploid and induced tetraploid plants of C. asiatica infected by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ATCC 43057. This study provides valuable information for producing triterpenoids for C. asiatica commercial products and preparations by using hairy root cultures. In vitro hairy root culture, a disease caused by Agrobacterium rhizogenes infection, is an innovative platform for phytochemical production and a sustainable and economically feasible alternative to propagated plants[9]. Several studies have reported high phytomass and phytochemical production by tetraploid medicinal plants relative to the levels in normal diploid plants, such as Papaver somniferum[15], Artemisia annua[16] and Salvia miltiorrhiza[17]. The aims of the present study were (1) to establish an efficient hairy root induction protocol for diploid and tetraploid C. asiatica and (2) to study the effects of MeJA on the phytomass and triterpenoid production of diploid and tetraploid C. asiatica hairy roots
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