Abstract
The effects of acid precipitation with different liquid acids on spectral properties of fulvic acid extracted from peat was studied to select the most appropriate liquid acid for the acid precipitation step of the alkali solution acid precipitation method, and the new process mechanism of peat utilization by coupling methane fermentation and extraction of fulvic acid was analyzed. The alkali solution acid precipitation method was adopted to extract fulvic acid from the methane-fermented group and methane-unfermented group. Different liquid acids were used to conduct acid precipitation during the extraction. And then, the characterizations of fulvic acid samples were conducted through Fourier infrared spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The yield and content of fulvic acid decreased significantly after methane fermentation. During the methane fermentation process, some fulvic acid was consumed and utilized by microorganisms to promote the methane fermentation process, resulting both in the decrease of methyl, hydroxyl, and ether bonds and in the increase of methylene, carbonyl, conjugated double bond, benzene rings, and other groups. The E4/E6 ratio shows that the E4/E6 ratio of fulvic acid was decreased after methane fermentation, and the fermentation consumed the functional group with simpler structure such as aliphatic chain hydrocarbon of fulvic acid while the structure with a higher degree of aromatization and conjugate cannot be consumed. When conducting acid precipitation with different liquid acids, the yield of fulvic acid was the highest through acid precipitation with phosphoric acid. The fulvic acid obtained through acid precipitation with nitric acid has a higher content, more benzene rings, and the highest degree of aromatization.
Highlights
Academic Editor: Mohamed Azaroual e effects of acid precipitation with different liquid acids on spectral properties of fulvic acid extracted from peat was studied to select the most appropriate liquid acid for the acid precipitation step of the alkali solution acid precipitation method, and the new process mechanism of peat utilization by coupling methane fermentation and extraction of fulvic acid was analyzed. e alkali solution acid precipitation method was adopted to extract fulvic acid from the methane-fermented group and methane-unfermented group
During the methane fermentation process, some fulvic acid was consumed and utilized by microorganisms to promote the methane fermentation process, resulting both in the decrease of methyl, hydroxyl, and ether bonds and in the increase of methylene, carbonyl, conjugated double bond, benzene rings, and other groups. e E4/E6 ratio shows that the E4/E6 ratio of fulvic acid was decreased after methane fermentation, and the fermentation consumed the functional group with simpler structure such as aliphatic chain hydrocarbon of fulvic acid while the structure with a higher degree of aromatization and conjugate cannot be consumed
Trofimova et al [8] studied the humic acid extracted from lowland peat and upland peat by the alkali solution acid precipitation method. e results showed that the humic acid extracted from the lowland peat Journal of Chemistry
Summary
Herbaceous peat was provided by Jilin Jixiang Co., Ltd.; activated sludge was obtained from the sewage treatment plant located in a southern suburb of Baotou; chromatographic pure fulvic acid (FC) was provided by the Fusheng Industry. E automatic methane potential test system (AMPTS II) was purchased from the Bioprocess Company of Sweden; the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer (RX1) was purchased from Germany Bruker; the UV-visible. Near-infrared (UV-VIS) spectrophotometer (CAYR 5 000) was purchased from Varian; the fluorescence luminescence spectrometer (LS55) was purchased from PerkinElmer
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